Overview
The sphenopalatine ganglion is a small collection of nerves located behind the nose. These nerves play an important role in facial sensation, tear production, nasal function, and certain headache pathways. When the sphenopalatine ganglion becomes overactive or irritated, it may contribute to facial pain, autonomic symptoms such as eye watering or nasal congestion, and specific headache patterns.
A sphenopalatine ganglion block is a targeted treatment that involves applying local anaesthetic to this nerve cluster. The aim is to temporarily interrupt pain signals, reduce nerve sensitivity, and relieve symptoms linked to certain headache and facial pain conditions. In some cases, a sphenopalatine ganglion block may also help confirm whether this nerve cluster is contributing to the patient’s symptoms.
Who this treatment helps
A sphenopalatine ganglion block may be considered for people with:
- Facial pain linked to nerve irritation
- Certain headache conditions involving autonomic symptoms
- Pain behind the eyes, cheeks or upper jaw
- Symptoms triggered by nasal congestion or facial pressure
- Persistent discomfort despite medication or physiotherapy
- Pain patterns suspected to involve the sphenopalatine ganglion
A consultation is required to confirm suitability and rule out other causes of facial or head pain.
What is a Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block?
A sphenopalatine ganglion block is a targeted procedure that delivers local anaesthetic to the sphenopalatine ganglion, a nerve cluster located behind the nasal cavity. By calming this nerve centre, the treatment can interrupt pain signals and help reduce certain facial pain and headache symptoms.
The procedure can be performed using different techniques depending on the clinical situation:
- A soft applicator placed inside the nose
- A small catheter device designed to deliver medication precisely
- Less commonly, an injection guided by imaging
The goal is to calm the nerve cluster and reduce abnormal pain signalling. The procedure is usually quick, well tolerated, and typically does not require sedation. In some cases, repeated sphenopalatine ganglion block treatments or additional therapies may be recommended depending on the patient’s response.
What to expect during the procedure
- Your consultant reviews the treatment plan and answers any final questions.
- You lie comfortably on your back with your head slightly tilted.
- The inside of the nose is gently cleaned.
- A soft applicator or catheter containing local anaesthetic is placed into the nostril.
- The medication is delivered to the sphenopalatine ganglion area and left in place briefly.
- The applicator is removed and you rest for a short period.
- You can usually go home shortly afterwards.
The procedure typically takes around 10–15 minutes.
After the procedure
- Temporary numbness in the nose, throat or upper teeth is common.
- A mild bitter taste or slight nasal irritation may occur.
- Some people notice improvement within minutes to hours, although responses vary.
- Normal activities can usually be resumed the same day.
- Your consultant may recommend follow-up treatments depending on your response.
Benefits
- May reduce facial pain and certain headache symptoms
- Minimally invasive and quick to perform
- No needles required in most cases
- Can help confirm whether the sphenopalatine ganglion is involved in symptoms
- May support other treatments such as physiotherapy or medication review
- Short recovery time
Possible risks and side effects
Sphenopalatine ganglion block procedures are generally safe when performed by experienced clinicians. Possible effects include:
- Temporary numbness in the nose, throat or palate
- Mild nasal irritation or congestion
- Light-headedness
- Watery eyes
- Rarely, nosebleed or infection
Your consultant will discuss individual risks during your assessment.
When to consider other options
If symptoms persist or the sphenopalatine ganglion block provides limited benefit, your consultant may discuss other treatments such as:
- Occipital nerve block and ablation
- Cervical epidural steroid injection
- Medication review
- Physiotherapy or rehabilitation
- Combined approaches for complex facial or head pain
Safety note
Please inform your consultant if you take blood thinners, have allergies, diabetes, active infection, are pregnant, or have had previous reactions to local anaesthetic. You may need someone to drive you home depending on how you feel after the procedure.
Arrange a consultation to discuss whether a sphenopalatine ganglion block may be appropriate for you.
You can also explore our head and face pain treatments, view all pain treatments, or learn more about our pain management services.