Overview
The sphenopalatine ganglion is a small collection of nerves located behind the nose. These nerves play a role in facial sensation, tear production, nasal function and certain headache pathways. When the SPG becomes overactive or irritated, it may contribute to facial pain, autonomic symptoms (such as eye watering or nasal congestion) and specific headache patterns.
An SPG block involves applying local anaesthetic to this nerve cluster. The aim is to temporarily interrupt pain signals and reduce nerve sensitivity. In some cases, this procedure may also help confirm whether the SPG is contributing to symptoms.
Who this treatment helps
A Sphenopalatine Ganglion block may be considered for people with:
- Facial pain linked to nerve irritation
- Certain headache conditions involving autonomic symptoms
- Pain behind the eyes, cheeks or upper jaw
- Symptoms triggered by nasal congestion or facial pressure
- Persistent discomfort despite medication or physiotherapy
- Pain patterns suspected to involve the SPG
A consultation is required to confirm suitability and rule out other causes of facial or head pain.
What is a Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block?
An SPG block is a targeted procedure that delivers local anaesthetic to the sphenopalatine ganglion. This can be done using:
- A soft applicator placed inside the nose
- A small catheter device
- Less commonly, an injection guided by imaging
The goal is to calm the nerve cluster and reduce pain signals. The procedure is typically quick, well tolerated and does not require sedation. In selected cases, repeated blocks or additional treatments may be considered depending on the response.
What to expect during the procedure
- Your consultant reviews the plan and answers any final questions.
- You lie comfortably on your back with your head slightly tilted.
- The inside of your nose is gently cleaned.
- A soft applicator or catheter containing local anaesthetic is placed into the nostril.
- The medication is delivered to the SPG area and left in place briefly to take effect.
- The applicator is removed and you rest for a short period.
- You can usually go home shortly afterwards.
The procedure typically takes 10–15 minutes.
After the procedure
- Temporary numbness in the nose, throat or upper teeth is common.
- A mild bitter taste or slight nasal irritation may occur.
- Some people notice improvement within minutes to hours, although responses vary.
- Normal activities can usually be resumed the same day.
- Your consultant may recommend follow-up treatments depending on your response.
Benefits
- May reduce facial pain and certain headache symptoms
- Minimally invasive and quick to perform
- No needles required in most cases
- Can help confirm whether the SPG is involved in symptoms
- May support other treatments such as physiotherapy or medication review
- Short recovery time
Possible risks and side effects
SPG blocks are generally safe. Possible effects include:
- Temporary numbness in the nose, throat or palate
- Mild nasal irritation or congestion
- Light-headedness
- Watery eyes
- Rarely, nosebleed or infection
Your consultant will discuss individual risks during your assessment.
When to consider other options
If symptoms persist or if the SPG block provides limited benefit, your consultant may discuss:
- Trigeminal nerve blocks
- Occipital nerve blocks
- Cervical facet or epidural injections (if symptoms originate from the neck)
- Medication review
- Physiotherapy or rehabilitation
- Combined approaches for complex facial or head pain
Safety note
Please inform your consultant if you take blood thinners, have allergies, diabetes, active infection, are pregnant, or have had previous reactions to local anaesthetic. You may need someone to drive you home depending on how you feel after the procedure.
Arrange a consultation to discuss whether a Sphenopalatine Ganglion block may be appropriate for you.