Overview
Knee pain is commonly caused by osteoarthritis, previous injury, overuse, or post surgical changes. When pain persists despite physiotherapy, medication, or joint injections, the sensory nerves around the knee can become a significant contributor to ongoing discomfort. This pain may affect walking, standing, climbing stairs, and overall mobility.
The genicular nerves are small sensory nerves that transmit pain signals from the knee joint. Targeting these nerves can help reduce pain without affecting knee strength or movement, making this an option for patients who are not suitable for surgery or wish to delay it.
Who This Treatment Helps
Genicular nerve block or ablation may be suitable for people with
• Knee osteoarthritis
• Persistent knee pain not responding to conservative care
• Pain limiting walking, standing, or stair use
• Ongoing pain after knee surgery in selected cases
• Limited benefit from steroid or hyaluronic acid injections
• Knee pain that interferes with daily activities or sleep
A consultant assessment is required to confirm whether this treatment is appropriate.
What Is a Genicular Nerve Block or Ablation
A genicular nerve block involves injecting local anaesthetic, sometimes combined with steroid medication, around the genicular nerves. This serves a diagnostic purpose by confirming whether these nerves are contributing to the pain. If the block provides meaningful but temporary relief, it suggests that nerve based treatment may be effective.
Radiofrequency ablation may then be considered. This technique uses controlled heat to interrupt pain signals carried by the genicular nerves. The nerves targeted are sensory only, so the procedure does not affect knee movement, strength, or stability.
Ultrasound or X ray guidance is used to ensure accurate placement and safety.
Procedure and Recovery
The procedure is performed as a day case. After positioning comfortably, the skin around the knee is cleaned and numbed. Using imaging guidance, the nerve block or ablation is carried out precisely.
Following the procedure, mild soreness or bruising around the injection sites is common and usually settles within a few days. If ablation is performed, pain relief often develops gradually over several weeks as the nerves settle. Most patients return home the same day and resume normal activities as comfort allows.
Physiotherapy may be recommended to support knee strength and long term function once pain is reduced.
Benefits
• May significantly reduce knee pain
• Can improve walking, standing, and daily function
• Minimally invasive with short recovery time
• Does not affect knee strength or movement
• Ablation may provide longer lasting relief in selected cases
• May reduce reliance on pain medication
Safety Note
A full consultant led assessment is essential before treatment. Please inform your clinician about any medical conditions, medications, allergies, or bleeding risks. Your consultant will explain suitability, expected outcomes, and potential risks before proceeding.